pH 

pH is a scale used to determine the acidity or alkalinity of an aqueous solution. It ranges from 0 to 14.

-A number less than 7 indicates that the solution is acidic.

-Neutral solution shows the number 7.

-A number greater than 7 indicates that the solution is alkaline.

It specifically refers to the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution and can be calculated using the following formula.

pH= -log [H⁺]

How to measure

There are several common methods for measuring, each with its own advantages and disadvantages:

1- Using test paper strips: These strips contain chemicals that react with the water when dipped in water and removed after a few seconds, indicating the pH number.

Advantages: It is cheap, portable, and easy to use.

Disadvantages: It has low accuracy and can provide a rough estimate of a very acidic or alkaline pH.

2- Using a pH meter: It is an electronic device that measures the -log [H⁺] level by immersing an electrode in water. We must calibrate the equipment with buffer solutions before use.

Advantages: It has high accuracy and can measure -log [H⁺] with high precision.

Disadvantages: Relatively expensive and requires calibration. Some pH meters require maintenance and repair.

Considering the accuracy and precision of the analysis results, we use the most up-to-date equipment at Azarasa Company.